Gallium Toxicity

Gallium Toxicity Symtoms, Sources and Treatments

Gallium Toxicity Sources:

• Analogue integrated circuits and optoelectronic devices (light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, photodetectors and solar cells) are the most common sources.
• Wets glass or porcelain to create mirrors.
• Dental materials, microwave components, high-temp thermometers.
• Semi-conductors, transistors, telecommunications materials, fluorescent lamps.

Synergistic for Gallium Uptake/Retention:

• Intestinal absorption increased by carboxlc acids (e.g., citric acid), iron deficiency.

Antagonistic for Gallium Uptake/Retention:

• Absorption from intestines in inhibited by phosphate
• Citric acid may help detoxify

• May deposit in liver, spleen, brain, renal cortex, and bone.
• Urine is major route of excretion.
• May irritate mucosal membranes, decrease gastric function, and trigger kidney tubular damage.
• Can bind to hydroxyapatite in bone.

Symptoms of Excessive Gallium Exposure:

• Hyperexcitability
• Photophobia
• Rapid weight loss
• Mucosal irritation
• Gastrointestinal distress

Gallium Toxicity Treatment:

• Limit exposure to gallium
• I.V. or oral chelation
• Repeat Gallium toxicity test to verify success of chelation

References

Genova Diagnostics Toxic & Nutrient Elements Chart

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